Should

Χρησιμοποιούμε το "should" για να δώσουμε, ή να ζητήσουμε, συμβουλές ή μια γνώμη στο παρόν:

• "I have a terrible stomachache." "You should go to the doctor's."
• "I haven’t heard from my father." "You should call him."
• "She's not happy with the salary offered." "She shouldn't accept the job."

Τύπος

Χρησιμοποιούμε το "should" / "shouldn't" + το απαρέμφατο του κυρίως ρήματος (χωρίς το "to")

Παράδειγμα

I You He, She, It We They	should	do	more exercise.
		get	a new car.
	shouldn't (should not)	smoke.
		spend	so much money.

Should	I you he / she / it we they	get	more qualifications?
		wear	something different?

---

Should have

Χρησιμοποιούμε το "should have" για να δώσουμε, ή να ζητήσουμε, μια άποψη στο παρόν, σχετικά με κάτι που συνέβη στο παρελθόν:

• "I had a terrible stomachache." "You should have gone to the doctor’s."
• "I didn’t hear from my father last week." "You should have called him."
• "She isn't happy with the salary she’s getting." "She shouldn't have accepted the job."

Τύπος

Χρησιμοποιούμε το "should" / "shouldn't have" + την παθητική μετοχή του κυρίως ρήματος

Παράδειγμα

I You He / She / It We They	should have	taken	a taxi.
	shouldn't have	written	that comment.

Should

I you he / she / it we they

have worked

overtime?

---

Εξάσκηση

Δώσε ή ζήτα συμβουλές χρησιμοποιώντας το ρήμα στις αγκύλες:

.

1)

He    the position. (accept)

 

2)

You    mobile phones in the classroom. (not allow)

 

3)

   we    that we cheated? (admit)

 

4)

They    work early yesterday. (not leave)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Have to

Το "have to" χρησιμοποιείται για να δείξει ότι ένα πρόσωπο είναι υποχρεωμένο να κάνει κάτι, συνήθως από μια εξωτερική αιτία. Το "have to" μπορεί επίσης να χρησιμοποιηθεί για να εκφράσεις τη γνώμη σου:

• You have to show your passport at passport control.
  (Είναι ο νόμος.)
• Jenny has to do homework every evening.
  (Οι γονείς της τής είπαν να κάνει την εργασία της.)
• Tom had to work late last night.
  (Αυτός δεν είχε τελειώσει τη δουλειά του.)
• You have to tell him!
  (Αυτή είναι η άποψή μου.)
• You don’t have to eat that if you don’t like it.
  (Δε σε υποχρεώνω να το φας.)

Τύπος

Ο απλός ενεστώτας του "have" + "to" + απαρέμφατο (χωρίς το "to")
or
The past simple of 'have' + to + infinitive (without to)

Παράδειγμα

I You We They	have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	has to
I You We They	don't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	doesn't have to

Do	I you we they	have to	work on Saturday?
Does	he / she / it		attend the conference?

I You He / She / It We They	had to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
I You He / She / It We They	didn't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.

Did

I you he / she / it we they

have to

work on Saturday? attend the conference?

Εξάσκηση

Δώσε ή ζήτα συμβουλές χρησιμοποιώντας το ρήμα στις αγκύλες:

.

1)

You    to the internet to send an email. (connect)

 

2)

Adrian    every weekend unless he wants to. (not train)

 

3)

   you    your passport at the border? (show)

 

4)

Amy    30 hours a week last year. (teach)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Must

Το "must" χρησιμοποιείται επίσης για να μιλήσουμε για υποχρέωση και χρησιμοποιείται σε γραπτούς κανόνες και οδηγίες:

• You must submit your proposal by noon on 12th July.
• You must not use a calculator during the exam.

Το "must" χρησιμοποιείται επίσης για να δηλώσει μια ισχυρή πρόταση:

• You must tell him before it's too late.
• You mustn't be late for work on your first day.

Τύπος

"must" ή "mustn't" ("must not") + το απαρέμφατο του ρήματος (χωρίς το "to")

Παράδειγμα

I You He / She / It We They	must mustn't	report	the theft to the police immediately.
		forget	to transfer the money.

Must

I you he / she / it we they

go?

Ενώ οι ερωτήσεις με το "must" είναι γραμματικά ορθές, είναι πιο συνηθισμένο να χρησιμοποιούμε το "have to" για τις ερωτήσεις.

Δεν υπάρχει παρελθοντικός τύπος του "must" για την υποχρέωση:

• We had to show our passports at the border.
• We weren’t allowed to use calculators in the exam.
  Or, we couldn’t use calculators in the exam.

Εξάσκηση

Δώσε ή ζήτα συμβουλές χρησιμοποιώντας το ρήμα στις αγκύλες:

.

1)

You    late for the train. (not be)

 

2)

We    their wedding anniversary. (celebrate)

 

3)

You    the application form in black ink. (complete)

 

4)

He    his dog chew the furniture. (not let)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Περισσότερη εξάσκηση

Διάλεξε τη σωστή απάντηση για να συμπληρώσεις την πρόταση: a, b, c ή d.
.

1)

You ____ remember to close the windows when you leave the house.
 

don't have to

shouldn't

mustn't

must

 

---

2)

You ____ eat fast food every day. It’s very bad for you.
 

don't have to

must

shouldn't

have to

 

---

3)

Maria ____ the operation but she was too scared. Now she’s very ill.
 

should have

should have had

must have

must have had

 

---

4)

Juan ____ visit Prague once a month for meetings, but he enjoys it.
 

has to

should

have to

should have

 

---

5)

You ____ perform that song. It’s offensive.
 

should

don't have to

mustn't

should have

 

---

6)

You ____ come with me. I’m happy to go alone.
 

must

mustn't have

don't have to

should have

 

---

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit