Should

Usiamo "should" per dare, o chiedere, un consiglio o un'opinione al presente:

• "I have a terrible stomachache." "You should go to the doctor's."
• "I haven’t heard from my father." "You should call him."
• "She's not happy with the salary offered." "She shouldn't accept the job."

Forma

Usiamo "should" / "shouldn't" + l'infinito del verbo principale (senza "to")

Esempio

I You He, She, It We They	should	do	more exercise.
		get	a new car.
	shouldn't (should not)	smoke.
		spend	so much money.

Should	I you he / she / it we they	get	more qualifications?
		wear	something different?

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Should have

Usiamo "should have" per dare, o chiedere, un'opinione al presente su qualcosa che è successo nel passato:

• "I had a terrible stomachache." "You should have gone to the doctor’s."
• "I didn’t hear from my father last week." "You should have called him."
• "She isn't happy with the salary she’s getting." "She shouldn't have accepted the job."

Forma

Usiamo "should" / "shouldn't have" + il participio passato del verbo principale

Esempio

I You He / She / It We They	should have	taken	a taxi.
	shouldn't have	written	that comment.

Should

I you he / she / it we they

have worked

overtime?

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Pratica

Dai o chiedi un consiglio usando il verbo tra parentesi:

.

1)

He    the position. (accept)

 

2)

You    mobile phones in the classroom. (not allow)

 

3)

   we    that we cheated? (admit)

 

4)

They    work early yesterday. (not leave)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Have to

"Have to" viene usato per mostrare che una persona è obbligata a fare qualcosa, di solito da una forza esterna, "have to" può essere usato anche per dare la tua opinione:

• You have to show your passport at passport control.
  (È la legge.)
• Jenny has to do homework every evening.
  (I suoi genitori le hanno detto di fare i compiti.)
• Tom had to work late last night.
  (Non aveva finito il suo lavoro)
• You have to tell him!
  (È la mia (salda) opinione)
• You don’t have to eat that if you don’t like it.
  (Non ti sto obbligando a mangiarlo)

Forma

Il present simple di "have" + "to" + infinito (senza "to")
or
The past simple of 'have' + to + infinitive (without to)

Esempio

I You We They	have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	has to
I You We They	don't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	doesn't have to

Do	I you we they	have to	work on Saturday?
Does	he / she / it		attend the conference?

I You He / She / It We They	had to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
I You He / She / It We They	didn't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.

Did

I you he / she / it we they

have to

work on Saturday? attend the conference?

Pratica

Dai o chiedi un consiglio usando il verbo tra parentesi:

.

1)

You    to the internet to send an email. (connect)

 

2)

Adrian    every weekend unless he wants to. (not train)

 

3)

   you    your passport at the border? (show)

 

4)

Amy    30 hours a week last year. (teach)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Must

Anche "must" viene usato per parlare di obblighi e viene usato per istruzioni e regole scritte:

• You must submit your proposal by noon on 12th July.
• You must not use a calculator during the exam.

"Must" viene usato anche per dare un suggerimento sentito:

• You must tell him before it's too late.
• You mustn't be late for work on your first day.

Forma

"must" o "mustn't" ("must not") + l'infinito del verbo (senza "to")

Esempio

I You He / She / It We They	must mustn't	report	the theft to the police immediately.
		forget	to transfer the money.

Must

I you he / she / it we they

go?

Anche se le domande con "must" sono grammaticalmente corrette, oggigiorno si usa più comunemente "have to" nelle domande.

Non c'è il passato di must per l'obbligo:

• We had to show our passports at the border.
• We weren’t allowed to use calculators in the exam.
  Or, we couldn’t use calculators in the exam.

Pratica

Dai o chiedi un consiglio usando il verbo tra parentesi:

.

1)

You    late for the train. (not be)

 

2)

We    their wedding anniversary. (celebrate)

 

3)

You    the application form in black ink. (complete)

 

4)

He    his dog chew the furniture. (not let)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Ulteriore pratica

Scegli la risposta corretta per completare la frase: a, b, c o d.
.

1)

You ____ remember to close the windows when you leave the house.
 

mustn't

must

don't have to

shouldn't

 

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2)

You ____ eat fast food every day. It’s very bad for you.
 

shouldn't

don't have to

must

have to

 

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3)

Maria ____ the operation but she was too scared. Now she’s very ill.
 

must have had

should have had

must have

should have

 

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4)

Juan ____ visit Prague once a month for meetings, but he enjoys it.
 

has to

should

should have

have to

 

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5)

You ____ perform that song. It’s offensive.
 

mustn't

don't have to

should

should have

 

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6)

You ____ come with me. I’m happy to go alone.
 

must

don't have to

mustn't have

should have

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit