Pronomi relativi parte 2

(Vedi gli esercizi per principianti per un'introduzione)

where, whose, whom

Le subordinate relative ci dicono di che persona o di che cosa qualcuno sta parlando, o ci danno ulteriori informazioni su quella persona o su quella cosa.

Usiamo "where", "whose" e "whom" come pronomi relativi per:

• sostituire il soggetto o l'oggetto
• introdurre una subordinata relativa
• unire proposizioni diverse in una frase sola.

Esempio

Usiamo "where" per parlare di un luogo:
   

Usiamo "whose" per il possesso; per sostituire aggettivi possessivi come my, his, her, etc.:
   That’s the man whose dog bit me.

"Whose" può essere usato per persone e cose:
   That’s the school whose director was sacked for changing grades.

Usiamo "whom" invece di "who" quando l'oggetto del verbo è nella subordinata relativa e anche con le preposizioni:
   That’s the man whom I married.
   Marie is the woman with whom I work.

Comunque "whom" è una parola formale e di solito si usano di più "who" o "that":
   That’s the man who I married.
   Marie is the woman that I work with.

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Pratica

Completa le frasi con "where", "whose" o "whom":

.

1)

Peter is the plumber    my sister employed.

 

2)

My father is the one    car was stolen.

 

3)

That’s the dog    ear is hurt.

 

4)

The Mermaid is the hotel    we got married.

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

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Subordinate relative

Ci sono due tipi di proposizioni relative: restrittive ed esplicative.

• Una subordinata relativa restrittiva ci dà informazioni necessarie a capire la frase.
• Una subordinata relativa esplicativa ci dà informazioni ulteriori senza le quali potremmo comunque capire la parte principale della frase.

Esempio

1. Subordinata relativa restrittiva
   
   The man lives next door to me.
   
   Questa frase ha bisogno di altre informazioni: "The man" si riferisce ad un uomo specifico ma, senza ulteriori spiegazioni, non possiamo sapere di quale uomo si sta parlando:
   
   The man who wants to marry my sister lives next door to me.
   
   La subordinata relativa restrittiva nella frase chiarisce di quale uomo si sta parlando.
    
2. Subordinata relativa esplicativa
   
   William Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets.
   
   Questa frase ha senso da sola perchè sappiamo di chi si sta parlando. È chiaro: William Shakespeare. Comunque se scegliamo di aggiungere altre informazioni possiamo, usando una subordinata relativa esplicativa:
   
   William Shakespeare, who died in 1616, wrote 154 sonnets.
   
   La subordinata relativa esplicativa in questa frase ci dà ulteriori informazioni.
   

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Pratica

La subordinata relativa deve essere separata da virgole in ogni frase?

.

1)

Sylvester Stallone __ who was born in New York City __ is a famous American actor.
 

No

Yes

 

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2)

The book __ that I’m reading __ is excellent.
 

Yes

No

 

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3)

The storm __ which destroyed our roof __ was not forecast.
 

No

Yes

 

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4)

My doctor __ whose grown-up children also work in medicine __ specializes in internal medicine.
 

Yes

No

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Subordinate relative senza "who", "that", "which"

A volte possiamo omettere i pronomi relativi "who", "that" e "which". Possiamo farlo quando il pronome relativo è l'oggetto e non il soggetto del verbo.

Esempio

Pronome relativo come soggetto:

   The dog which ran away has been found.

   In questa frase, "the dog" è il soggetto: "the dog ran away", pertanto dobbiamo usare un pronome relativo. Non possiamo dire:
   The dog ran away has been found.

Pronome relativo come oggetto:

   The gentleman that I interviewed didn't speak any Spanish.
   I interviewed the gentleman.

   In questa frase, "the gentleman" o "that" è l'oggetto del verbo quindi possiamo ometterlo:
   The gentleman I interviewed didn't speak any Spanish.

   The man who I saw on the bus was crying.
   I saw the man.
   The man I saw on the bus was crying.

   The flower which I picked in the park died.
   I picked the flower.
   The flower I picked in the park died.

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Pratica

Possiamo omettere il pronome relativo in queste frasi?

.

1)

The dog that I found was injured.
 

Yes

No

 

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2)

The tree, which is the oldest in the park, is diseased.
 

Yes

No

 

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3)

The door which he started painting was rotten.
 

No

Yes

 

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4)

The man who the boy robbed was elderly.
 

Yes

No

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Ulteriore pratica

Scegli l'opzione corretta tra a, b, c o d:
.

1)

The school ____ I studied as a child was very small.
 

whose

that

where

whom

 

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2)

My father ____ died when he was 92.
 

, who was a scientist,

who was a scientist

, was a scientist,

, whose was a scientist,

 

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3)

The book ____ cover I designed was a bestseller.
 

where

that

which

whose

 

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4)

The dress ____ she wanted to buy was sold out.
 

where

who

whose

- (nothing)

 

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5)

The person ____ he admires the most is his father.
 

which

where

whom

whose

 

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6)

The computer ____ doesn’t work.
 

where we bought last week

, that we bought last week,

that we bought last week

, that we bought last week,

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit