'Used to' / 'would'

Introduction

On utilise "used to" et "would" pour décrire des habitudes ou des vérités dans le passé; elles n'existent pas ou ne sont pas vraies dans le présent.

On peut utiliser "used to" ou "would" pour décrire des action répétées dans le passé.
On utilise "used to" uniquement pour des vérités dans le passé.

Exemples:

"used to" ou "would"

I used to get up at 6am to go to school.
I would get up at 6am to go to school.

used to

I used to live in France. not I ~~would~~ live in France.
I used to have a pet rabbit. not I ~~would~~ have a pet rabbit.
Ces phrases sont des vérités dans le passé.

"used to" vs "would"
Comparez les phrases suivantes:

I used to / would go camping when I was young.
"go" décrit une action répétée.
I used to love camping when I was young.
"love" décrit une vérité.

Forme 1 - used to

On utilise "used to" avec l'infinitif du verbe principal (sans to). Dans les formes négatives et interrogatives, on utilise "did" avec "use to" (pas "~~used to~~"):

Positif	I / You / We / They He / She / It	used to	like	chocolate.
Négatif		didn't use to did not use to

Forme interrogative

Did

I / you / we / they
he / she / it

use to

like

chocolate?

Exercices d'entraînement

Complétez les phrases en mettant le verbe entre parenthèses à la forme affirmative, négative ou interrogative de "used to":

.

1)

Sarah good at dancing. (be)

2)

When I was young, I fish but now I eat it all the time. (not eat)

3)

I piano lessons. (have)

4)

Where did they to school? (go)

Forme 2 - would

On utilise "would" avec l'infinitif du verbe principal (sans "to"):

Positif	I / You / We / They He / She / It	would	eat	chocolate.
Négatif		wouldn't would not

Forme interrogative

Would

I / you / we / they
he / she / it

eat

chocolate?

On peut contracter "would" et le pronom sujet:
I’d / you’d / we’d / they’d / she’d / he’d / it’d

Exercices d'entraînement

Complétez les phrases en mettant le verbe entre parenthèses à la forme affirmative, négative ou interrogative de "would":

.

1)

When I was learning to play the piano, I every evening. (practise)

2)

At university, Michael until late at night. (study)

3)

They spicy food when they were young. (not eat)

4)

Before you bought a car, how you to work? (travel)

Forme 3 - "used to" / "would" avec "always", "never", "ever"

On peut utiliser "always" avec "used to" et "would" à la forme affirmative, négative ou interrogative. On utilise "never" avec la forme affirmative de "used to" et " would", et "ever" dans les formes négatives et interrogatives:

used to

Positif	I / You / We / They He / She / It	never / always		used to	like		chocolate.
Négatif		didn't did not	ever / always

Forme interrogative

Did

I / you / we / they
he / she / it

ever / always

use to

like

chocolate?

would

Positif	I / you / we / they he / she / it	never / always		used to	like		chocolate.
Négatif		didn't did not	ever / always

Forme interrogative

Would

I / you / we / they
he / she / it

ever / always

eat

chocolate?

Exemples:

I always used to swim at the weekend.
I would always swim at the weekend.
He never used to swim at the weekend.
Would he ever swim at the weekend?

Exercices d'entraînement

Complétez les phrases en utilisant soit "used to" soit "would" et le verbe entre parenthèses:

.

1)

He always vegetables at the market. (buy)

2)

Sarah never . (smoke)

3)

They always English. (speak)

4)

Did they ever to the library? (go)

E xercices d'entraînement supplémentaires

Complétez les phrases avec la réponse correcte entre a, b, c ou d:
.

1)

We ____ breakfast in the same café every morning.

would to have

used to have

use to have

would had

2)

I ____ the bus to school.

always would take

would always take

used always to take

used always take

3)

They ____ on time.

always wouldn't finish

always wouldn't to finish

wouldn't finish always

wouldn't always finish

4)

He ____ Mexican food but he loves it now.

wouldn't liked

didn't use to like

didn't used to like

wouldn't to like

5)

____ work in a bank?

Did he use to

Would he to

He would to

Did he used to

6)

When they were children, ____ the dinner?

would they ever cook

they would ever cook

would ever they cook

would they cook ever

Veuillez noter que l'ordre de "never" / "always" et "used to" peut parfois être inversé dans l'anglais parlé, comme dans l'exemple: "I used to always like chocolate."

Cependant, pour les exemples et les exercises de cette feuille de travail, nous avons utilisé l'ordre des mots standard expliqué ci-dessus (e.g. "I always used to like chocolate.").